Arthritis is a health condition in which its name is derived from Greek: “arthron”, meaning a joint, and “itis”, meaning inflammation. According to The Arthritis Society there are over one hundred types of arthritis but for simplicity sake, there are basically two categories of arthritis, inflammatory and degenerative.

Inflammatory Arthritis

Almost any joint in the body can be affected by inflammatory arthritis. Inflammatory arthritis can start in many ways but the most common is a slow onset of stiffness and joint pain (in one joint) that spreads over a period of weeks or months affecting other joints. In some cases, it can even start rapidly.

Synovium is a thin layer of tissue that lines every joint in the body and it is responsible for creating small amounts of fluid to maintain normal joint lubrication. For reasons yet to be conclusively determined when inflammatory arthritis starts the body’s immune system turns against the synovium and attacks it. The immune system then releases chemicals that cause stiffness, pain and eventually can damage or destroy the bone and cartilage.
For some individuals it doesn’t seem to take that long to become a chronic problem that has a lifelong impact. Each person is different and what pain remedies work for one may not work for another.

Rheumatoid arthritis falls under this category of arthritis and it tends to mostly affect the smaller joints in the feet and hands. Other forms of inflammatory arthritis include:

• Psoriatic arthritis
• Ankylosing spondylitis
• Systemic lupus erythematous

Those between the ages of 30 and 60 tend to get these types of arthritis the most although any one of these can start at any age. The common morning stiffness symptom can last over one hour.

Degenerative Arthritis

Some people are afflicted with degenerative arthritis and this occurs when (over time) the cartilage becomes rough and wears away. As a result of this, the bone thickens and the affected joint becomes inflamed causing pain, swelling and even a feeling of warmth.

Cartilage plays an important role in the body as it is the tough elastic-like material that covers the ends of our bones creating a protective shield. In a healthy person, the cartilage is somewhat like a shock absorber when weight is applied; it also creates a lubricated surface so that the joints can move with ease.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of degenerative arthritis and generally affects the joints at the base of the big toe, knees, hips, fingers and at the base of the thumb. A person with OA may notice some stiffness in the affected area and it tends to last up to twenty minutes. As the joints get used throughout the day the discomfort level increases.

Another form of degenerative arthritis is degenerative disc disease. This or OA starts slow in the body and within a period of months or even years, gets worse.

Treating Arthritis

After a diagnosis by a health professional, he or she can then best suggest what treatment options are best depending on several factors. If discovered in the early stages the good news is that treatment options more than likely include non-medication therapies that include:

• Turmeric
• Physiotherapy
• Chiropractic
• Education
• Exercise
• Nutrition
• Glucosamine Sulphate
• Relaxation techniques

Prescription medications or over-the-counter medications tend to only cover the symptoms and the pain as opposed to strategies to effectively minimize (and in some cases eliminate) symptoms.

Implementing a holistic approach to help manage symptoms and pain is important when looking for treatment options. There are many options to consider in order to tailor a treatment plan specific to each individual. Diet is very important when managing pain and therefore must be part of a successful treatment program. There are also other rehabilitation solutions that are available at a chiropractic and physiotherapy office such as Chiro-Med Rehab Centre in Richmond Hill.

For some people there are several pain management techniques that can be explored in order to minimize or even eliminate the need for medications. Often medications come with a long list of side effects that can do more harm than good and this must be taken into consideration in any treatment plan.

If you suffer with any form of arthritis, Chiro-Med Rehab Clinic in Richmond Hill has a walk-in clinic conveniently located at 10144 Yonge Street, just north of Major MacKenzie Drive in the heart of Richmond Hill. The health professionals at Chiro-Med can help you examine what options are available in order for you to live as pain-free as possible. Drop on by or call 905-918-0419 for more information or to book a consultation.

Turmeric is a bright yellow spice that provides a wealth of health benefits. This common culinary spice has not just enhanced the flavour of many meals; it has been used for centuries as an anti-inflammatory agent by the Indians and Chinese. In addition, it is also an antioxidant and an antiseptic.

Traditionally called Indian saffron (as it is similar to saffron) it has been used throughout history as a condiment, textile dye and to heal. Turmeric comes from the root of the Curcuma longa plant.

Before getting into all the health benefits from the super-spice, let’s examine the nutrient content. Based on two teaspoons (or 4.40 grams), turmeric has:

• Manganese - 17 percent of the daily value
• Iron - 10 percent of the daily value
• Vitamin B6 - 4 percent of the daily value
• Fibre - 3.7 percent of the daily value
• Potassium - 3.1 percent of the daily value

Turmeric Is A Safe Anti-Inflammatory

The yellow or orange pigment of turmeric is known as curcumin and the anti-inflammatory effects have been proven in numerous studies to be comparable to many pharmaceutical drugs. Most pharmaceutical drugs come with a long list of potential negative side effects; turmeric is known to have no negative side effects.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Curcumin is a powerful antioxidant and can neutralize free radicals. This is important in many diseases including arthritis where free radicals are the culprits for painful joint inflammation and damage to the joints.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Curcumin may be an effective treatment for inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's and ulcerative colitis according to recent research. While researchers are not yet sure exactly how curcumin achieves its protective effects, they are somewhat certain that its benefits are the result of not only antioxidant activity, but also inhibition of a major cellular inflammatory agent. Curcumin has been found to be safe in large doses.

Cancer Prevention

The antioxidant actions of turmeric have the ability to be a strong cancer preventative. Curcumin has been proven to protect the colon cells from free radicals. It also helps the body to destroy cancer cells that have mutated thus preventing them from spreading.

Frequent use of turmeric has been linked to lower rates of breast, prostate, colon and lung cancers. Lab tests have shown that curcumin can prevent tumours from even starting. Research at the University of Texas suggests that when breast cancer is present, curcumin slows the spread of breast cancer to the lungs (study was conducted on mice).

Here are some other quick looks at this powerful spice:

• Can delay liver damage that eventually leads to cirrhosis.
• Reduces the levels (up to 40 percent) of heterocyclic amines, the carcinogenic compounds that are formed when meats are fried, barbecued or boiled.
• University of South Dakota researchers discovered that taking curcumin before chemo or radiotherapy makes cancer cells more vulnerable.
• Many researchers believe that daily use of turmeric may prevent Alzheimer’s disease.
• WHFoods reports that curcumin can correct the most common expression of the genetic defect that is the culprit for cystic fibrosis.

Turmeric is mild in taste and benefits almost every system in the body. This is a must-have spice as it is a powerful plant to add to your diet. When thinking of using turmeric as a method to help control arthritis or other joint pain, be sure to contact Chiro-Med Rehab Centre.

Chiro-Med Rehab Centre has a walk-in clinic conveniently located at 10144 Yonge Street, just north of Major MacKenzie Drive in the heart of Richmond Hill. Call 905-918-0419 for more information or to book a consultation.

DeQuervains disease is a painful disorder that affects tendons located at the base of the thumb. There are several kinds of tendon lining inflammatory diseases, but DeQuervains disease is the most common.

Tendons slide through sleeves (sheaths) and the inner wall of these “sleeves” has a slippery fluid to help lubricate the tendons. Repetitive movements such as forceful gripping contribute to the reduction of, or elimination of lubrication. When this occurs friction increases between the sheath and the thumb’s tendon creating an abnormal thickening. This constriction interferes with the smooth gliding motion of the tendons which in turn creates pain.

Although anyone can be afflicted with this, women between the ages of 30 and 50 tend to more likely to suffer from DeQuervains disease.

Causes Of Dequervains Disease

As mentioned above, repetition is the main cause of this condition. Squeezing, pinching, wringing, grasping all can contribute if done repeatedly.

Arthritic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis can also cause DeQuervains. Also, scar tissue from a previous injury can create difficulty for the tendons to slide easily through the sheath.

Symptoms Of Dequervains Disease

Pain is felt when moving the thumb away from the hand. This pain is felt at the base of the thumb as well as in the forearm.

Treatment

Treatment for DeQuervains Disease is approached in several ways. The first method is the simplest – cease all activities that cause the symptoms; or at the very least when this work cannot be avoided, take several breaks. Sometimes this is very difficult and so laser or chiropractic care may be required.

Chiropractic manipulation can help regain normal alignment and the thumb’s motion.

Benefits Of Laser Therapy

Laser therapy, or rather cold laser therapy is a viable option that can help. Cold laser therapy penetrates particular light waves that increase cellular metabolism. These wavelengths of light waves (photons) can penetrate as far as two to three inches so the affected areas are treated. Once the photons reach injured tissue, they stimulate and energize the cells to repair the damage at a remarkable rate; this helps to move the healing process along quicker and reduce pain.

This treatment is fast and efficient and this enables the patient to be pain free faster than other methods. A professional therapist places a “wand” over the injured area and holds it there a few moments; it’s that simple. Some patients report that they feel instant relief, while others say it takes about a day. Also, repeat visits may be required depending on the level of pain, but many patients have reported how thrilled they were with this treatment option. In the event that a patient experiences re-occuring pain every once in a while, they can continue with cold laser therapy treatment as it is non-invasive, does not hurt and has no side effects. The best part for the patient is that this treatment option only takes about 10 to 20 minutes and is very cost effective.

For more information about the benefits of cold laser therapy or about DeQuervains Disease, Chiro-Med Rehab Centre in Richmond Hill can help. Chiro-Med Rehab Centre has a walk-in clinic conveniently located at 10144 Yonge Street, just north of Major MacKenzie Drive in the heart of Richmond Hill. Call 905-918-0419 for more information or to book a consultation.

Migraines are not just a different type of headache; they are a severe throbbing pain or a pulsing sensation that is generally felt on one side of the head. More often than not nausea, vomiting, as well as extreme sensitivity to light and sound accompanies this pain. These attacks can last for hours or for days and they can be so severe a person is not able to function. In fact, a migraine headache ranks in the top 20 of the world's most disabling conditions affecting people of all ages. Migraines are a neurological disease that can be managed using massage therapy.

Different Types of Migraines

Common Migraine: This is the most prevalent type of migraine; technically this is referred to as a migraine without aura. Almost 11 percent of general population worldwide suffer from this. According to some doctors, this type of migraine will worsen with overuse of over-the-counter headache pills. A common migraine can last for anywhere from 4 to 72 hours. If the headache continues for over 72 hours then it is known as status migrainosus, which requires immediate medical attention.

Classic Migraine: Another term for this migraine is a migraine with aura. People suffering from aura experience dazzling flash of light, hazy spots or zigzag lines in their vision few minutes prior to the onset of the migraine. It is estimated that 15 to 20 percent of those who regularly get migraines have aura symptoms.

Menstrual Migraine: Migraine is a condition that is twice as common in women as men. There is a strong connection between the menstrual cycle and the onset of a migraine. Fluctuating hormones are the antecedent.

Chronic Migraine: This is a severe form of migraine. Defined, this headache occurs for more than 15 days in a one month period for three consecutive months. Over the course of time the headache continues throughout the day with occasional migraine symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. Chronic migraine is one of the most disabling forms of migraine.

Abdominal Migraine: With this type of migraine, the person experiences light to severe abdominal pain along with nausea and vomiting during the attack. This is commonly seen in children who have a history of migraine in their family.

There are other types of migraines but this gives you an idea that not all migraines are the same.

Massage Can Help

The science community has done very little research about massage therapy and migraines; however, there have been many independent studies conducted that conclude there is relief for most massage therapy patients. It is encouraging that there is a positive connection between massage and migraine relief. For example, a 2014 published paper in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine shows positive effects of Thai traditional massage. This massage uses stretching, compression, and pulling and rocking motion. This has proven to provide relief in many migraine sufferers.

Depending on the severity and type of migraine the patient is suffering with, a massage therapist may use a variety of different techniques such as:

• Craniosacral therapy: This is a gentle massage focused on the skull and scalp.‍
• Reflexology: Uses pressure and massage on the soles of the feet.‍
• Relaxation massage: This is for stress relief.‍
• Deep Tissue Massage: This massage works well on a tense neck and shoulders providing great results in relieving migraine symptoms.

Massage therapy is not a cure for migraine, but countless migraine patients state it is an indispensable complementary therapy. Some research has even shown that those who receive massage therapy experience a reduction in migraines. This has proven to bring relief to many who seek a reduction or elimination in pharmacological treatment.

Many benefits of massage therapy include an increase in serotonin levels which can help decrease senility to pain, reduce stress levels, and it can help improve sleep. At Chiro-Med Rehab Centre you can be sure you are in the hands of not only a qualified massage therapist, but a therapist who puts your best interests first.

Established in 2007 by Dr. Behfar Sanjari, Chiro-Med Rehab Centre has been committed to providing quality health care services to the Greater Toronto Area for over a decade. Chiro-Med Rehab Centre has qualified professionals who can help you seek relief from migraine pain. We have clinics located in Richmond Hill and Newmarket, call 905-918-0419 or 905-235-2620 for more information.

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Resource:

Chatchawan U, Eungpinichpong W, Sooktho S, Tiamkao S, Yamauchi J. (2014). "Effects of Thai traditional massage on pressure pain threshold and headache intensity in patients with chronic tension-type and migraine headaches." Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine.

Indulging yourself with therapeutic massage can allow you to briefly escape from the stress of the outside world.  The soothing atmosphere created by fragrant aromatherapy candles and oils and relaxing music can transport you into another world, even if only for an hour or so.  At Richmond Hill, massage therapy is practiced by qualified professionals who will use relaxation techniques to ease pain and dissolve tension in tired muscles.  Massage therapy has a positive effect on every part of the body, both inside and out, and can even improve your moods and increase your mental awareness.

Massage therapy detoxifies the body by stimulating the lymphatic system to release built-up toxins from the body, helping to prevent the onset of potentially deadly diseases.  It also improves circulation, bringing more oxygen to the tissues and organs, including the brain.  Ample flow of oxygen to the brain increases alertness and cognitive function, and improved circulation in the skin helps keep it retain its elasticity, reducing the appearance of wrinkles and giving the skin a healthy, youthful look.

Massaging the muscles relieves pain and tension caused by sports, injuries and daily stress.  The saying that stress can kill is literally true, because stress can cause a fight-or-flight reaction in the body, releasing adrenaline and other chemicals that can build up in the tissues to toxic levels.  Massage therapy releases these chemicals from the muscle tissue so that the body can eliminate them.

Massage can actually combat depression and anxiety, improving your mood and leaving you feeling happy and content.  It stimulates the endocrine system to release chemicals called endorphins that affect your emotional state, so the feeling of well being that you often get following a massage is an actual physical response.  Richmond Hill massage therapy can benefit you in every way – body, mind and soul.

Meidal epicondylitis, or more commonly referred to as golfer's elbow, is actually a similar injury to tennis elbow only it affects the inside area of the elbow. Golfer's elbow is commonly experienced by those who 'throw' and with golfers hence the nickname. Sometimes golfer's elbow is also referred to as flexor pronator tendinopathy; this elbow pain is seen in tennis players who use a lot of top spin on their forehand shots.

Overuse injuries of the elbow are especially common among athletes. Any sport that subjects an athlete to repetitive elbow flexion-extension or wrist motion can cause these syndromes. This is a condition that can occur at any age; interestingly it is commonly seen in patients between 40 and 60 years of age.

Causes Of Meidal Epicondylitis

The common name of golfer's elbow suggests a cause; however you do not have to play golf to develop meidal epicondylitis. In fact, golfer's elbow is more commonly seen in people who do not play golf. Activities involving repetitive wrist flexion against resistance, forceful, or repetitive gripping of the hand is typically how this develops.

These activities may include manual labour as well as sports.
Some activities include:

• Body building or weight lifting
• Wood working or carpentry
• Hammering
• Painting
• Bricklaying
• Repetitive use of a screwdriver
• Sewing
• Knitting
• Working at a computer
• Golf
• Tennis
• Badminton
• Gymnastics
• Water skiing
• Squash

Patients usually develop this condition following a sudden increase in activities that place stress on the forearm flexors or due to a change in activities. Less frequently, this condition can develop suddenly. This is usually due to a forceful movement that involves a gripping force through the arm or heavy lifting.

There is an increased likelihood of getting meidal epicondylitis if the patient has a history of shoulder, elbow, wrist or neck injury.

Symptoms Of Meidal Epicondylitis

As a rule, golfer's elbow symptoms usually develop gradually over a period of time. Initially, symptoms may be a mild ache that follows an aggravating or unaccustomed activity. This ache may also be felt first thing in the morning following an activity. Patients with meidal epicondylitis usually experience localized elbow pain about 1 to 2 cm down from the bony lump on the inner aspect of the elbow. This pain tends to increase when firmly touching this area. Occasionally, the pain may shoot into the forearm.

In less severe cases patients may only experience a minor ache. In more severe cases, the pain can be quite excruciating and can prevent the patient from sleeping at night. Usually pain is experienced as an ache that increases to a sharper pain as activity level increases. Occasionally, golfer's elbow can be associated with shoulder, upper back or neck pain on the same side

Patients with golfer's elbow often experience an increase of pain during everyday activities including simple tasks such as picking up a cup, turning a handle, opening a jar, shaking hands, carrying groceries or even turning the steering wheel of a car. Elbow stiffness is generally worse first thing in the morning.

Meidal Epicondylitis Treatment

Most cases of meidal epicondylitis are treated with appropriate physiotherapy. This includes a thorough assessment by the physiotherapist to determine exactly what factors have contributed to the development of this problem so that prevention is taken into account.

Our Richmond Hill Chiropractic, Massage Therapy and Physiotherapy centre can help diagnose and treat meidal epicondylitis. Physiotherapy focuses on evaluating, restoring, and maintaining physical function – this is why so many people choose Chiro-Med Rehab Centre in Richmond Hill.

The Chiro-Med Rehab Centre has the necessary knowledge and expertise to start you on the road to recovery today. As professionals we can recommend the type of treatment needed and effectively implement that treatment, getting you back up and running into your routines in as little time as possible!

Many of us have heard the term shin splints but are unsure as to what it really means. Often, the term shin splints is used to describe pain that is experienced at the front of the lower leg; yet the pain originates from inside of the shin bone located at the front of the leg. Individuals who enjoy running, whether professionally or for leisure, tend to experience the pain of shin splints sooner or later more so than other people.

Causes Of Shin Splints

Shin splints are an overuse injury that is also known as Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome, or MTSS. Many athletes who experience shins splints tend to describe an exercise history that includes rapid increases in intensity or duration of impact activities. The most common cause of shin splints is actually repeated trauma to the muscles or bones.

Other causes of shin splints include:

• Overuse of the legs, resulting in irritated, swollen muscles.
• Muscle imbalance that can result from an injury.
• Stress fractures of bones in the lower leg.
• The condition called ''flat feet", where the arches of the feet have collapsed (upon impact with) the ground there is a major stretching of muscles and tendons).
• Abnormal tightness of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles.

Symptoms Of Shin Splints

The following are symptoms of shin splints:

• Pain around the shinbone (tibia), just below the knee.
• This pain is often 10 to 15 cm in length.
• Shin splints are often experienced early on during a workout. It commonly decreases well into the session, only to be felt more intensely at the end and after the workout.
• The discomfort is often characterized as a dull, aching sort of pain.
• With extreme cases the swollen muscles can result in irritation of the feet, leading to weakness and even numbness.

Treatment Of Shin Splints

One thing to keep in mind with shin splints is that it is very important to be in the care of a qualified health professional to ensure proper healing. There are two main types of treatment: complete rest and relative rest. Complete rest is completely resting the affected leg so that your body can heal itself, without any physical activities. While effective, this option may not be palatable to some people (e.g. athletes in training). As a result some therapies involve both rest and light physical activities.

The following are treatments commonly used to treat shin splints:

• Rest of the affected leg.
• Icing of the affected shin to reduce any swelling and pain.
• Use of custom orthotics to correct for any gait irregularities.
• Wrapping a tensor bandage around the affected area.
• Gentle stretching of the calf and front leg (tibialis) muscles.
• Anti-inflammatory painkillers (e.g. ibuprofen or aspirin) to reduce swelling and pain. Note that these anti-inflammatory medications can have serious side affects, and should only be prescribed by a doctor.
• Very occasionally surgery may be required to address an issue that constantly results in shin splints.

Shin splints can result in discomfort and in severe cases debilitating pain, disrupting your routine and enjoyment of life.

Chiro-Med Rehab Centre has the necessary knowledge and expertise to help you recover from shin splints. Our professionals can recommend the type of treatment needed and effectively implement that treatment, getting you back on to your normal routines as fast as possible!

Therapeutic massage has been used for centuries to improve overall health, reduce stress, and relieve muscle tension. In fact, the practice of using touch to heal derives from customs in ancient history. The earliest written records of massage therapy were discovered in Egypt and China. Tomb paintings in Egypt depict individuals being kneaded by others. In China, there is ancient written documentation stating that massage therapy dates back to approximately 2700 BCE.
Even though therapeutic massages have been widely accepted for centuries, here in the west, there have been ambivalent thoughts as to the purpose and safety of prenatal massages. Research has clearly shown that not only are prenatal massages safe, they can be highly beneficial to most expecting mothers.

Prenatal Massage Benefits

The majority of women who get prenatal massage therapy state that they feel less depression, less anxious, and they have a notable reduction in leg and back pain.
Massage therapy has been clearly demonstrated to be effective during pregnancy. Cortisol (stress hormone) levels decrease during massage and this has shown that excessive fetal activity decreases. Even better, a study shows that the rate of premature babies is lower in those who receive prenatal massages.
In a study of women having labour pain, women who received massage therapy experienced significantly less pain, and their labours were on average three hours shorter with a great reduction in need for medication. The National Institutes for Health report that an underlying mechanism they have explored is that these effects are mediated by increased vagal activity.
Massage therapy also helps to relieve muscle aches and joint pains, improves labour and newborn health.

What Massage Techniques Are Used?

Most prenatal massages use the principles based on Swedish massage techniques. Swedish massage has been proven to help reduce muscle tension and it can improve blood flow and lymphatic drainage. The primary purpose of Swedish massage is to increase the blood’s oxygen flow and assist in toxin removal from the muscles. It achieves this through the use of six basic strokes. They are:

• effleurage (gliding);
• effleurage (gliding);
• petrissage (kneading);
• friction;
• vibration;
• traction; and
• tapotement (tapping).

What Makes Prenatal Massage Different?

This type of massage differs from general massage because there can be some risks if certain pressure points are stimulated. There are areas of the body in which the uterus can start to contract when pressure is applied during the third trimester. There must be a level of sensitivity and gentleness extended by the therapist; and this must factor in the baby as well.
Prenatal massage is not just for the mother-to-be. Some expectant couples book a massage therapist to give them both a massage as this is a magnificent way to deepen a bond and enhance emotional connectedness.

Prenatal Massage is not for Everyone

There can be certain conditions in which a pregnant woman is not suited for massage. If you are considering a therapeutic prenatal massage be sure to consult with a qualified health practitioner first. It may be best to avoid massage if:

• If your midwife or doctor has advised you against it.
• If you are in a high risk pregnancy category.
• If you have previously had a premature labour.
• If you have pregnancy induced hypertension.
• Some massage therapists have a policy of not doing prenatal massages within the first trimester of a woman’s pregnancy due to a possible increased risk for miscarriage.

The National Institutes of Health Findings

• Massage therapy is the most common alternative therapy recommended during pregnancy.
• Massage therapy has been demonstrated to be effective during pregnancy.
• Depressed pregnant women given prenatal massage experienced fewer prenatal complications.
• In our study on labour pain, the women receiving massage therapy experienced significantly less pain, and their labours were on average 3 hours shorter with less need for medication.
• The most important finding was the lower incidence of prematurity and low birth weight in the massaged depressed women.
• Postpartum depression and cortisol levels were decreased in the massaged women. The newborns of the massaged mothers also had lower cortisol levels than the newborns of the control mothers, and performed better on the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment habituation, orientation and motor scales.

Having open lines of communication between you and your massage therapist is critical. If there is a movement that makes you feel slightly uncomfortable you must have your voice heard. At Chiro-Med Rehab Centre you can be sure you are in the hands of not only qualified massage therapists, but therapist who have the best interests of you and your baby.

Established in 2007 by Dr. Behfar Sanjari, Chiro-Med Rehab Centre has been committed to providing quality health care services to the Greater Toronto Area for over a decade. Chiro-Med Rehab Centre has qualified professionals who can help you and your baby experience relaxation and relief from stress during your pregnancy. We have clinics located in Richmond Hill and Newmarket, call 905-918-0419 or 905-235-2620 for more information.

References:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2870995/
https://www.naturalhealers.com/massage-therapy/history/